Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Policy - Essay Example In essence, externalities are the effects of production or consumption of products and the outcome is passed to the society. However, the society has little to control these externalities. The first positive externality is technological improvement. Some firms have been on the frontline in investing in technology. The firms ensure they have the best technology to assist in production of their products. As such, these products are enhanced to give ultimate services to the people that need them. In such a position the firms are acting as a positive accrual to other firms. Other firms are likely to benefit from this technological improvement (Barr, 45). When there is change in one firm’s technology, the other firms are likely to benchmark this opportunity. As such, they will purchase other machinery that conforms to the stated technology. These industries and firms will have an improved way of producing products and they will extend the positivity to other firms, which are not pa rticularly involved in the production. When there is an improvement in technology, there are various aspects which are improved in the society. For instance, when there is enhancement in technology, it is considered that pollution is likely to reduce. When the pollution is reduced, there are various aspects which are improved in the society. For instance, the society does not feel the pinch of having to inhale clean air. As such, their health status is maintained. This reduces any expenses that are incurred by the society in terms of treatment for complications in their health (Barr, 123). Similarly, it is guaranteed that there will be lower water pollution. As such, the society will have better water services. The water pollution will be reduced in the society, which gives the whole society clean water to use. It is evidently seen that the society did not incur any costs in the acquisition of technology. However, they are getting better water which is clean and hygienic. The same a pplies to the other firms. Initially, the firms did not incur any costs in getting information about the new technology. However, they are now in perfect shape in preventing pollution. A negative externality in production is pollution. Pollution is one of the most threatening aspects in production. During production, many firms exhale and release dirty water and air. This dirty air and water has various effects on the environment. First, dirty air makes the environment unpleasant to live in. This makes the life of other people uncomfortable. When people are not living in a comfortable environment, it is not entertaining. As such, the people will have to make sure they get solutions to these problems that are instigated by pollution from production firms. Apparently, some firms take it as their own initiative to stop pollution. This is an ideal approach in stopping pollution in the world. When all the firms initiate strategies that will reduce pollution, there is a likelihood of havi ng a better environment that is not affected by the negativities of pollution. It is a prudent approach by the governing bodies to ensure that pollution is reduced in the whole world. With technological improvement, scientists have considered that pollution is one of the negative effects in the world (Barr, 65). For instance, pollution is responsible for global warming. The global warming effect has affected many parts of the world and they are looking for strategies of reducing its effects to the world. This creates a scenario

Frank Norris’ work “Vandover and the Brute” Essay Example for Free

Frank Norris’ work â€Å"Vandover and the Brute† Essay The development of sexuality in Frank Norris’ work â€Å"Vandover and the Brute† is an interesting reflection of the Puritanical views that Americans have towards sexuality, promiscuity and the consequences thereof. The importance of this book is that it openly examined this value system in 1914, a time when Vandover’s behavior, even without the lycanthropy, was considered brutish and improper. Yet the American environment was in the midst of the first â€Å"sexual† revolution as many young women of the 1920s would don clothing that revealed their flesh and boyish haircuts for the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†. Again in the 1960s, the next major era of women’s rights movements, sexuality would be tied to freedom and women would equate burning their bras and free love with freedom and independence. This book then is a look at how a young man might acquire the values of the community around him without ever being taught directly that sex is dirty and that women are somehow degraded when they participate in it. The interesting thing about Norris’ work, which was published after his death, is that Vandover managed to acquire these misguided notions of sexuality on his own. In the first chapter, the author points out that during his adolescent years Vandover’s only female contact was with the housekeeper with whom he was constantly at odds. In addition, because his father would not discuss sexuality with him, he was forced to turn to an Encyclopedia Britannica to answers his questions about women and sex. He was subjected to the crude jokes and unconscious sexual immaturity of boys going through puberty, but without a mother, governess or other strong feminine influence to teach him right from wrong. Indeed, if one assumes that the author was in fact trying to make a statement about society rather than just tell a story about a maladjusted young man in the late 19th century, it becomes clear from the very first chapters that one of Norris’ indictments is against Vandover’s father and his unwillingness to talk to his son about the facts of life. In dead, one of the underlying themes through the entire work is the idea that people only hint at their feelings and do not openly discuss the sexual nature of humanity even though it is a significant portion of their lives. One of the most interesting facets of this book is the discussion of Vandover’s first sexual encounter and his embarrassment and guilt over it. If the situation had perhaps been handled with some amount of discussion, it might have prevented the events that would later occur, including Vandover’s seduction of a â€Å"good girl†, her subsequent suicide, and his eventuality degradation to gambling and alcoholism. The author’s message that society needs to quit hiding its own nature and covering for the high class when they engage in reckless behavior is evident mid-book when Haight explains to Vandover that several of the young, classy women at a cotillion were drunk. Haight tells his friends that society should call a spade a spade and that when women of class drink too much they should be considered drunk as much as any man. This dual criticism of the means by which people receive a sexual education and the double-standards applied to men and women is perhaps the most interesting passage in the book. Another interesting idea that Norris sets forth through the theme of the book and the story itself is that Vandover’s sexuality and promisecuity are to blame for the turn of events for him, including the loss of his family fortune and his new role as a werewolf. Interestingly, rather than approaching the concept that Vandover’s situation might be a result of his addictive behavior including his sexually predatory nature, his alcoholism and his gambling addiction, the reader is left with the idea that the bad things which happen to him are consequences of his sexuality alone. Though Norris portrays Vandover throughout the novel as a weak-willed individual who is too lazy to work hard and get what he wants out of life, everything in his life is blamed on his sexuality and his desire for women of a certain type. The fact that Vandover does not settle down with a fine, upstanding woman, regardless of his feelings for her is seen as an affront to society as a whole. The most important messages about sexuality that are relayed via â€Å"Vandover and The Brute† are the concepts that sexuality exists as it does because people don’t talk about it and that there are consequences for sexual behavior. The first concept is perhaps the most intriguing because it still applies now, almost 100 years later. Though we do not have the same level of closed-mouth attitudes toward sex as Vandover encountered, it is not uncommon even in the modern day to find parents of high school students who do not want their children exposed to sex education for fear that the education will lead to promiscuity. Instead of teaching real information regarding the dangers, both physical and emotional, of beginning a sexual relationship at the wrong time, too many parents concentrate on the Puritanical approach to sex education, associating it with guilt and sin. Young people are not properly educated regarding the safety issues of sex and sexually transmitted diseases continue at epidemic levels when they could be prevented with adequate discussion of the topic. Ironically, as we approach the 100-year mark for the publication, Norris’ primary criticism of the teaching of sexuality still stands today.

Oracle e business suite.

Oracle e business suite. Recommendation The other software solution, which I would recommend other, then SAP Business One, that could solve Rad-Tels problems is Oracle E Business suite. I believe Oracle E Business suites capabilities would be a perfect fit for company like Rad -Tel. Oracle E Business suite, was designed by one of the world top leading software applications provider, with the mid market in mind. Below is what we quote from a company, PDG CONSULTING that is specialising in Oracle E Business suite. This is their customer testimonial on Oracle E Business Suite: (www.pdg-Consulting.com) â€Å" Before we implemented the Oracle EBusiness Suite, we had six finance temps working with us. Now we dont have any. Thats a very obvious cost saving. † Not-for-profit Organisation The above statement has proven that Oracle E Business is not only relvant to larger organization, but would also be a perfect fit for SMB (Small Medium Business) or SME (Small Medium Enterprise) like Rad-Tel.   What is Oracle E Business Suite? Oracle E-Business Suite is a Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software package that allows organizations to manage key business processes. One of the latest version launched in Febuary 2007, Version R-12 of the Oracle E-Business suite is a web based application that can be managed or run from a single site. Like other ERP products, it allows the company to operate with a single database from a data centre. (Martin Murray -About.com guide) Why Oracle E Business Suite is Cost Effective? Oracle E Business Suite contains a number of product lines, which can be implement for their business use. Companies are able to chose the right combination that is suitable for use within their business processes, and pay only for individual application license separately. (Martin Murray -About.com guide) Why Oracle E Business Suite is a match for Rad-Tels needs? Oracle E Business Suite Applications leveraging the internet technology, allows company with a global visibility and exchanging of instantaneous information across the supply chain. Companies can focus on running their core business function profitably, in trying to fulfill their customer demand, by delivering product of high-quality in the shortest possible time and at the lowest possible cost . Oracle E Business Suite Application is fully integrated, with end-to-end internet based   solution desgined to help companies like Rad-Tel that run a factory or manufacturing plant to operate successfully as an e business with their supply chain management. Example of Supply chain solutions available in Oracle E Business are from demand capture to delivery to customer service. More than 100 modules that are grouped into various Oracle E business product families are available. (Bastin Gerald, Nigel King, Dan Natchek, 2002) Oracle Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Help the company to increase their customer satisfaction and loyalty. Oracle Financials The applications include common Financials function like General Ledger, Cash Management, Payables, Receivables and etc. Oracle Human   Resource Management System (HRMS) The application help company to manage HR activities, example like, payroll, recruiting, time management, benefits and training. Oracle Logistics This application allows company to plan, manage, and control the flow of their storage of their products and services within their business. Oracle Supply Chain Application This application allows the companies to predict market requirements, help the company better in response to volatile market conditions. Oracle Order Management This module helps companies to streamline and automate their businesss sales order and management process. Oracle Transportation Management This module allows companies to do transportation planning and help in execution capabilities to their shippers and their third party logistics providers. Oracle Warehouse Management System It helps the company to coordinate the movement of their goods and provide them information throughout the whole distribution process. (Bastin Gerald, Nigel King, Dan Natchek, 2002) Overview of Oracle E Business Suite Oracle E Business Suite (EBS) enable companies to model the landscape and products of their manufacturing plant or factory. These applications allow us to define the organization structure of the business, the products they manufacture, the parts they use, their manufacturing process, and changes to their products over time. Similar to SAP, Oracles strength lies in the intergration of its products. (Bastin Gerald, Nigel King, Dan Natchek, 2002) Case Study of a Successful Oracle E Business Suite This case study of LG Electronic from Oracle is quite relevant to the case study of Rad-Tel, which also operates a manufacturing factory or plant that provide electronic hardware or software. The fact that a Multi National Company like LG Electronic also use Oracle E Business Suite tells us that Oracle E Business Suite is indeed a good ERP system, and scalable for both SME and MNC. Case Study Example: LG Electronics Ltd (LG) Overview of LG Electronics Ltd (LG) LG Electronics Ltd (LG) is a company in headquartered and based in South Korea that design and manufacture consumer electronic systems. LG Electronics is recognize as one of the world largest consumer electronic company. (Oracle, 2008) Problems of LG Electronics Ltd (LG) The need for informed management get more important as the business of LG Electronics business goes global. There is a strong need for standardizing the distributed system across LG Electronics production and marketing subsidiaries worldwide. (Oracle, 2008) LG Electronics Ltd (LG) was running eight instances of a legacy ERP system across the globe. And this made it difficult to integrate and determine if the data or information is accurate. (Oracle, 2008) Close Collaboration Ensures Implementation Success LG Electronics was working very closely with Oracle and its implementation partner LG CNS to ensure the success of the implementation. Senior Managers of the three organizations held quarterly meetings to review constantly on the progress and address issues related to the project. Whenever a problem occur with a new module, Oracle would try to arrange LG Electronics staff over to the Oracle Technical Support Centre in India to work together with the Oracle technicians for a solution. (Oracle, 2008) Enhanced Business Management The outcome LG Electronics would expect from the Oracle deployment when it is complete in 2010: Cut the time needed to just three days for closing worldwide account, instead of six. Shorten profitability analysis time to five days instead of three to six weeks. Increase overall worldwide productivity by 20.5% Reduced the cost of maintenance of ERP System by 36% Greater Visibility of the global inventory, sales and marketing costs Greater flexibility for introduction, integration and separation of Business Process (Oracle, 2008)

Color blind by the Counting Crows Essays -- song analysis

I am colorblind Coffee black and egg white Pull me out from inside I am ready (repeat 3 times) I am taffy stuck and tongue tied Stutter shook and uptight Pull me out from inside I am ready (repeat 3 times) I am fine I am covered in skin No one gets to come in Pull me out from inside I am folded and unfolded and unfolding I am colorblind Coffee black and egg white Pull me out from inside I am ready (repeat 3 times) I am fine (repeat 3 times) The song â€Å"Colorblind† by The Counting Crows nothing less than perfect for the scene it was chosen for in the film â€Å"Cruel Intentions†. It was played was one of the film’s main characters lost her virginity to another character. Though it was a beautiful fit for the scene which it played upon I don’t believe the meaning behind the song is the newness of being deflowered. The lyrics and the instrumentals accompanying them are both extremely simple in contrast to the actual meaning behind the song. To be quite succinct, the song itself is relatively simple but it is the meaning and the effort put forth in each and every line that makes it so deep. In the first line, "I am colorblind† (1), this is a clear depiction the songwriter’s (Adam Duritz) perception of everything. His emotions have been dulled due to pains of the past cnsequently renderring him cold and unfeeling. He sees everything as it is; there is simply no middle ground or grey area when it comes to life. This can be seen in the next line, â€Å"Coffee black and egg white" (2) He sees everything just as it is presented, not for what it could be if viewed differently with an open mind and open heart. â€Å"Coffee black† is a representation of how he merely sees the black of the coffee, as opposed to perceiving the richness, aroma, or other detectable qualities. The next two lines, "Pull me out from inside. / I am ready, I am ready, I am ready" (3-4) signifies the fact he is in a shell with a wall of defense up. He does not want to let his guard down, leaving him vulnerable to the pain that only a loved one can bring. In the next line when he says he is ready for love three times, this is an indication of the fact that he is ready to succumb to the power and the feeling of love. He indeed is apprehensive about the situation and is having... ...es metaphorical use to promote the ambiguity of his subject matter. Imagery is also present within the context of the song. The imagery portrayed in this song because it allows the listener visualize this scenario and his emotions. Phrases like â€Å"coffee black and egg white† which is repeated twice in the song, enables the listener to envision the message he’s trying to convey. Refrain is one of the characteristic components of many lyrical compositions, whether poetry or song. The refrain identified in this song is when the writer repeated the phrase â€Å"I am ready† three times; this is the key phrase that most accurately expresses the writer’s mentality, thus dictating the tone of the song. The repetition only serves to the purpose of reinforcing the message. The song, once again, is quite simple but it is this simplicity that makes the song as powerful as it is. It was very well written and every musical instrument that accompanied the song was epic. This piece of work is truly a masterpiece.

Align Technology. Inc Essay

Who is the member for traditional braces market and for Invisalign? Answer Members for Invisalign’s Braces Market * Customers The patient marks the beginning and end of the channel flow in the Invisalign process, seeking a service for malocclusion treatment from their orthodontist. Customers of Invisalign are incentivized by the nearly invisible look, removable while eating ease, and hygiene of the aligners. * Orthodontists As for the customer, the orthodontist determines whether or not Invisalign is the appropriate solution. If suitable, the orthodontist will proceed with  photographs, X-rays, impressions of dental arches, a wax bite and an Invisalign prescription for the patient. This information is then sent to the next channel member in Santa Clara for processing. The orthodontist also has to make adjustments and corrections to the proposal after they are created in Pakistan. * Invisalign The Santa Clara headquarters serves as central point between all channel members. Once Invisalign receives the patient’s information from the orthodontist, employees analyzes the data and constructs plaster and computer models of the current dentition. When completed, this model is forwarded to Pakistan for analysis. * Software Developers The patient’s treatment plan is designed in Pakistan, which entails simulated tooth movements for each of the two weeks for the entire treatment process. Once approved by Invisalign and the orthodontist, these molds are then outsourced to the next channel in Mexico for production. * Manufacturers (Mexico) Aligners are created from the molds received. They are trimmed, cleaned, polished and inspected before they are shipped directly to the orthodontist, which then forwards to the end customer. Members for Traditional Braces Market * Customer Similar to Invisalign, the customer or patient starts and ends the channel flow in the traditional braces process. The patient may either inquire or be referred by their dentist to seek treatment. * Dentist The patient visits their general dentist and if malocclusion is diagnosed, a referral is made to an orthodontist. * Orthodontists In the initial visit with the orthodontist, X-rays, photographs and dental moldings are collected from the patient. A treatment plan is created and in the next visit, brackets are cemented to each tooth and linked with an arch wire. Question No 4 Are there any gaps in the channel? Are channel members performing functions that Invisalign intends them to do? If not, then Why? Answer Demand-Side Gaps * Capturing the Existing Market This is a bit unexpected, considering the many compelling advantages the product itself has over traditional braces. May be the gap exists because of deficiency in customer mental satisfaction level or due to the lack of awareness and trust on Align systems. * Capturing the Potential market Indeed, only a relatively small proportion of this potential population seeks treatment because of the drawbacks associated with conventional treatment, but Invisalign’s process overcomes many of these shortcomings. This gap might be attributed to the orthodontists and the media advertisement, which is focused on raising awareness, and describes advantages over the conventional method (instead of brand benefits). Supply-Side Gaps * Delivery Incentives A possible gap in the delivery of the offering may shoot from the underlying economic incentive for orthodontists. So short of the orthodontists possessing very high brand loyalty or customers specifically requesting the Invisalign treatment, the promotion to customers breaks down here. In addition, the ClinCheck simulation takes 3-4 weeks to complete. They may find a way to give incentive to Pakistan to turn around the simulations faster to cut down on production time. * Production Process Time Invisalign has essentially inserted itself right in the middle of the traditional treatment process. Also, the procedure is entirely customized to each patient. These two facts combined create a longer supply chain that is subject to slow down the production. The Invisalign process includes three centers. The entire process took up to six weeks. Question No 5 Are channel power sources affecting Invisalign’s success? If so, then how? Answer * Orthodontists Perhaps the greatest power source affecting Invisalign’s success is the  orthodontist. An orthodontist stands in between Align and the patient and exercise the power of his expertise. The two customer segments (health conscious and beauty conscious) value their orthodontist’s opinion. That’s why orthodontists have higher profit margins as compared to Invisalign. * Dentists Invisalign have given â€Å"exclusive† distribution rights to orthodontists. So, they have more power. Dentists are mostly the intermediaries who refer the patients to orthodontists and then orthodontists refer patients to Align Corporation for Invisalign systems. The power of Dentists may be limited or actually they are the intermediaries who are performing the role of referrals. When they feel unsatisfied or their profit margins decrease, they also try to reduce the profit margins of Align Corporation by not referring the patients to orthodontists. * Sales Force Invisalign’s sales force uses an exhausting structure. They are not giving the incentives to their sales force. The company is relying more on doctors, dentists, website and orthodontists instead of their sales force. The sales force is unmotivated and that’s why they are affecting Invisalign’s success. * Patients Patient conformity affects Invisalign’s success because of the high degree of participation required for treatment as aligners were removable at the patient’s discretion. Some orthodontists did not like being associated with a treatment that could fail from no doing of their own. Therefore, patients show a sort of power–doctors did not want to be â€Å"associated† with them. Question No 6 What would you do to complete conversion? Answer We propose that Invisalign’s offering is closer to the growth stage in the product life cycle than it is to the introduction stage. Marketing channels should change as the product moves along in its cycle. We suggest that dentists must administer the full process. Other suggestions are given below which if the company adopts in future then definitely the profitability and  customer base will increase in the near future and the profit margins of all intermediaries will be maximized. * Intensive distribution Align should move from selective distribution to intensive. The increased number of retailers (dentists and orthodontists) makes it easier and more likely for patients to receive treatment (enhance spatial convenience). The increased distribution should drive prices down as retailers compete for customers. * Better Incentives Dentists are incentivized by volume of patients and perform non-specialized tasks that require less treatment, all opposite of the orthodontists. This match brilliantly with the Align’s offering. In fact, some of the characteristics seen as unattractive from the orthodontists would be viewed as benefits for dentists. * Target Customers The offering can be adjusted to match the needs and wants of the various segments of customers. Each patient segment (prior use, beauty and health conscious) has different preferences and a varied tendency to buy, as would the retailers (dentists and orthodontists). The other side to this is Align can â€Å"fire† bad orthodontists * Brand Benefits Because brand awareness is achieved (80 percent), advertisement should shift focus from aesthetic advantages over the traditional system to brand benefits. The existing approach targets the existing market. They must position their product on the basis of brand benefits and try to ensure the targeted customers that Invisalign is the best suitable solution. References http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/distribution.html http://www.businessihub.com/the-role-of-marketing-channels/ http://teamjaker.wikispaces.com/Invisalign

Do people deserve a second chance Essay

Do people deserve a second chance? The question may be easy to ask, but quite difficult to answer. In life, most people believe that they deserve a second chance. However, there are so many different factors that go into a decision on whether or not to give someone a second chance. In literary work, there are numerous examples of asking and sometimes receiving second chances. It’s usually better if the author has personal experience to draw upon when it comes to the material that they write about. One of the best examples of getting a second chance was Raymond Carver. Having grown in a family with very limited financial resources and a father who was drinking, Raymond Carver was exposed to the unpleasantness at an early age. As he grew older, he started drinking himself. Eventually, the author battled alcoholism and was able to beat it. He was given a second chance in life. The honesty in Carver’s work undeniable; he was able to relate his struggles to his characters lo oking for a second chance, thus making his readers aware of the importance of giving people another chance to improve their lives. A group of writers who formed the â€Å"Dirty Realism Writing School† became popular in 1980’s. They wrote stories on real life and their characters are deep in disappointment and tragedy. Raymond Carver one of the writer’s, who wrote as a master of minimalism, his writing technique creates a sense of uncertainty and he leaves the reader guessing. Carver in his real life was not a minimalist: in fact it was ironic that he was the opposite, he was a walking tragedy, which showed in the â€Å"Cathedral† and â€Å"A Small, Good Thing.† The stories were simple and packed with deep emotional feelings, its gives the reader a true inner look at one self. This article will demonstrate that the author always left it to the readers to draw their own conclusions, his stories are similar to the way Carver lived his own life, having a Second Chance. (Comninos, Raymond Carver: A Writer’s life, 2009, p. 1) One could only desire to look at the stories in â€Å"Beginners† and the ones in â€Å"What We Talk About† to recognize changes: the prose in â€Å"Beginners† to make up a compact collection of narration shattered by a flashed of dialogue; in â€Å"What We converse About† there is so much white space that some of the tales â€Å"After the Denim† look like a story in a mystery novel. In numerous cases, the man who didn’t permit editor to change his own work gutted Carver’s and on this subject Sklenicka voices a fury she is either reluctant or unable to rally on Maryann’s behalf calling Lish’s revising of Carver â€Å"a usurpation.†Ã‚  He enforced his own ideas on Carver’s stories, which Carver was credited was actually Lish’s deal. (Clark, 2013) In his interview with (Simpson, 2013). He spoke about his life and the experiences, he is usually thought of as a writer committed to a basically realist mode. The stories seemed to incorporate elements of authority or fiction. The fiction in his stories appears to reflect on itself and question its own status.. Raymond Carver stories are about historical events and relationships between fiction and the truth, its more truth than fiction. The story â€Å"Put Yourself in my Shoe,† this is from his first volume â€Å"Will You Be Quit Please?† This story is about a writer someone like Carver, a person who was having a tough life, a failure, a drunk. Carver’s wife and two children were fed up with his drinking and couldn’t take it anymore, so when he moved to California his Maryann didn’t go. That was the end of his marriage and the beginning of his second life. Carver’s second chance at life and love came in 1977, he stopped drinking and he turned his life around, he wrote the â€Å"Cathedral† it is said to be the most important short story he wrote. He met his second disease; cancer. Which took his life in 1988? This interview helps me to understand the direct relationship between the story and the writer’s experience. He uses a great degree of experience, mix with imagination. His character comes alive with every word and I could relate to the events and the peopl e in his stories. At his second chance at life, his stories were often called a â€Å"slice of life.† It reveals a glimpse of the man his actual experience and not his imagination. â€Å"What We Talk When We Talk About Love† the story focus on two couples who thinks that they know the meaning of love, but actually they are confused about the true meaning of love. The story is based on the couples drinking gin and the whole conversation makes the character seems human. The more they drunk the more they seems not understand the meaning of love. Love may not have been defined but they understood that it would always be elusive. Carver’s stories are genuine,; it features a good beginning, middle and a conclusion that puts everyone who read the story in to a reality mode. With his former writing Carver could not move beyond the hopelessness of alcoholism. He used alcohol as a means to escape reality and live within his self where there are no problems that need his attention and this shows, in â€Å"Cathedral† the story was written about alcoholism and alienation to a sorrowful self-awareness to become a  reality of hope. â€Å"Cathedral† was about his second chance at life and it contributes to his great success. (Messer, 2012) I believe that Raymond Carver is realism and connected to the people on all levels. When Carver wrote about relationships, the characters connected with his readers. I believed its more than just entertainment, to me it was a blasted of reality. The importance of giving people another chance to improve their lives, is one of the themes that the readers can pick up when looking at his literary work of Raymond Carver. He brought full circle not a narrate of alcoholism and alienation but sobriety and hoped, but the possibility for the a second chance. The â€Å"Cathedral† represents the artistic power and multifaceted undertaking as his most successful and realistic collection of short stories. I believe that the Cathedral† showed his willingness to compromise and get help, a turning point in his life â€Å"second chance†

Reading Response Example

Reading Response Example Reading Response – Article Example Reading Response – Gender and Race Race refers to ification of people according to colour while ethni refers to the classification of people according to culture. Gender refers to the classification of people according to sex. These social groups have different characteristics which lead people to treat others differently and sometimes unfairly. One of the problems with these classifications is that it prevents some people from accessing some basic needs due to discrimination based on their race or ethnicity. For instance, African Americans and Latinos were excluded from social welfare programs in the US in 1930s. Another problem with ethnicity and race is that it results in wars and genocides. For example, Adolf Hitler of the Nazi Germany allowed the killing of around 6 million Jews who lived in Europe. This practice of targeting and killing one racial group is a destructive form of racial discrimination. The problem with gender or sex is that it results in discrimination aga inst some gender at the workplace based on the views of the society. Some work such as household chores are considered as women duties in the Western and Indian communities. This forms the basis of discriminating against women at the workplace. Some companies hire men to take up specific duties. Some communities also view women as inferior and treat them harshly. For instance, women in Iran are stoned to death if they cheat on their husbands, but men are not. Another problem of gender is violence. Some women face gender violence in form of rape and other forms of victimization. Dividing people into social groups may also be important because it enhances positive diversity at the workplace where people bring different diverse ideas to improve work performance. Reading Response Example Reading Response – Book Report/Review Example Analytical Response: The Strange Library by Haruki Murakami The story presents dark themes in the library, filled with fear and death until when a semi-shadowy girl slides through the bars into the boy’s cell with food. At this moment a feeling of hope begins to develop in the boy. Although, the memories of the bald headed librarian still haunt him in addition to the dreadful memory of the dog that attacked him in his childhood. The girl brings hope to the boy who had no possibility of ever escaping. He knew he would die in the cell as promised by the librarians. The boy believes the girl is beautiful as compared to other characters in the novel who seem ugly and scary. â€Å"She was so pretty that looking at her made my eyes hurt† (Murakami 28). The girl also appeared innocent and reliable as the boy described â€Å"She appeared to be about my age. Her neck, wrists, and ankles were so slender they seemed as if they might break under the slightest pressure† (Mura kami 28). The boy believed that the girl was an angel sent to rescue him. â€Å"Her long, straight hair shone as if it were spun with jewels† (Murakami 28). He felt as if he can trust the girl who was the exact opposite of the other characters.In conclusion, the girl introduced the theme of love, care, trust and magical escape. This is evident in the way she came into sight. Her personal traits and general appearance envisioned pure trust which made the boy believe that the time of his escape had come. In a real life, I have learnt that liberators are associated with sincerity and trust. In the novel, the girl’s character demonstrated an innocence that everyone can trust than the suspicious brutality of the librarians.Work Cited Murakami, Haruki, The strange library. New York: Knopf, 2014, Print. Reading Response Example Reading Response – Book Report/Review Example Article Response on Choral Music Choral music is a common concept used widely in both religious and secular performances. Church choirs and opera singers are perfect example of this musical style. Conventionally, I was under the impression that ‘choir’ and ‘choruses’ denoted different concepts. However, it is only in English language that these two terminologies appear to hold distinct meanings. Admittedly, one new idea in the article is on the synonymous nature of the words choir and chorus. Technically, both words are used to denote a sizable group of singers performing together (Percy and Smith, 01). The perpetual distinction in choir and chorus is a subjective creation of English language; otherwise these two words are synonymous. Aside from learning new concepts, the article also reinforced my previous knowledge about choral music. Similar to any other musical styles which undergoes dynamic changes with time, choral music also had a share of its evoluti on. Primordially, chorus or choir performances were monolithic in nature (Percy and Smith, 01). At the dawn of the 20th Century, and specifically during the 1960s, there was substantial renovation of functional, stylistic and organizational structures of choral music. This era was responsible for today’s categorization of choral voices into basses and tenors among others.Always, I subscribe to the notion that all musical styles are influenced by cultural movements. However, I am intrigued by the extent to which choral music caved in under the pressure of multiculturalism. Apparently, certain cultures necessitated sacrificing of traditional components of choral music like choral unity and tone structures. Example of cultures that observably bent the course of choral music includes the Gay and Lesbian Associations in Europe and America (Percy and Smith, 02). In other musical styles like Opera, traditional components of the styles were preserved in cultural transitions. However, it is intriguing why multiculturalism dealt a huge blow on the historical authenticity and accuracy of choral performances. Work CitedPercy, Young and Smith, James. Twentieth Century History of Choirs. Oxford Companion to Music. Web oxfordmusiconline.com:80/substriber/article/grove/music/05684 Reading Response Example Reading Response – Book Report/Review Example Reading response One of the challenges that every employed mother faces is how to bring up her children, and at the sametime provide for the family. According to most recent reports, most women have resorted to building their career than being there for their family. In connection to this, the main aim of this paper is to review an article by Lynet Uttal: Custodial care, Surrogate care, and coordinated care. The author talks about how women feel about leaving their children, for someone to bring up. According to the author, most women do not like someone else binging up their children, however, at certain times due to work pressures they are forced to leave their children under the protection of someone else (Uttal 291). In order to reach such a conclusion, the author carried out a study, where she collected data from women who are employed and their house helps (Uttal 295). The data obtained by the author is true, because most women do not like leaving their children to be brought u p by someone else. However, ironically most of the house helps do mistreat some of the children even though themselves they are still women and they know the connection a mother has towards their children. Apart from that, there has been an increase of cases where house helps run away with a child they are supposed to protect, and then they start asking for ransom money from the child’s parents. After reading the article, I have realised that the author only used 31 samples. In connection to this, I would like to know if this number is representative of how mothers feel about someone bringing up their children.BibliographyUttal, Lynet. â€Å"Custodial care, Surrogate care, and coordinated care: Employed mothers and meaning of child care.† Gender and Society. 10.3 (1996): 291-311. Print

buy custom Business and Consumer Transaction essay

buy custom Business and Consumer Transaction essay Kompact Scooter Ltd (KS), the leading designers and manufacturers of electric scooters with the rechargeable batteries, plans to counter competition by completely blocking any possible entry of its competitors into the common market that is has already permeated in both United Kingdom and France. Its proposed terms to the intermediary sales companies (FR and SP) as contained in its five year agreements with the two companies grossly contravenes Article 101 of the Treaty of the Function European Union (TFEU) in a number of ways. Article 101 TFEU prohibits any agreement between two or more undertakings as well coordinated practices that might bear a direct economic impact between the member states and in turn restricts healthy competition within the segments of the common market. KS demonstrates a number of such prohibitions in its agreements with the distributor companies, FR and SP. It singlehandedly fixes the retail and purchase prices of its products and other terms of trade without involving the FR and SP. In their decisions and agreement involving the undertakings, the manufacturer imposes sort of monopoly by secluding its distributors from establishing any form of connections or dealings with other suppliers and consumers of the same product (electric scooter) outside their authorized area of operations. As such, the restrictions KS impose on its undertakings by the use of a faulty trade agreement hinder competition. In this case, Regulation 330/2010 can only apply if the agreement made between the undertakings, decision made by associations of undertakings, or concerted practice directly contribute towards enhancing production or circulation of the scooter within the common market or ensure consumer and regional economic benefit without necessarily eliminating competition. It is most notable that similar exemptions of the Article 101 (1) TFEU by the Regulation 330/2010 is also evident in Belgium whereby the law of distribution innocuous set of agreements brewers and pubs excluded foreign beers from the Belgian pubs. This only applies when an imminent competition from the outside seems overwhelming to allow the growth of local or regional industries. Buy custom Business and Consumer Transaction essay

Is It Too Early To Be Making My College List?

We’re definitely in favor of getting started early on the process of preparing for college application season. Applying to competitive colleges is a time-consuming process that deserves your full attention, so it’s important that you give yourself enough time to do your applications justice. One task that will be part of your college planning process is choosing which colleges belong on your personal college list . As we recently mentioned in our post 10 Considerations For Making Your College List , there are over 7,000 institutions in the United States that offer post-secondary degrees, so you’ll obviously have to narrow it down quite a bit. If you’re still in ninth or tenth grade and in the early stages of preparing for college, you may be wondering when to get started with this process of narrowing down your college choices. The short answer is that you can start working on your college list early in high school, but you need to think of it as an evolving document that’s responsive to changes in your college goals. Read on for more information about why you should start working on your college list early and how to stay flexible when planning where to apply to college. When we talk about your â€Å" college list ,† we generally mean the list of colleges to which you’re interested in applying. Eventually, your college list will become a fixed set of schools — between around six and  a dozen, for most students — to which you’ll actually submit applications during your senior year. Your college list will be divided into three categories — target schools, reach schools, and safety schools — based on your likelihood of admission to each school. It’s important to have an appropriate range of schools on your list. (Take a look at our post The College List, Decoded: Safety, Target, and Reach Schools for more information on these categories.)    Which schools end up on your college list is a function of many different variables, potentially including academic requirements, selectivity, cost, location, size, financial aid availability, the unique opportunities each school offers, and many others. Colleges might land on your list for practical reasons, or due to less tangible features like the school’s campus atmosphere. Overall, though, all the colleges on your list should be schools that genuinely interest you, that you feel positively about, and that are good matches to your applicant profile and college needs. Each of the schools on your list should be somewhere that you can actually see yourself attending.    By the time you submit your applications, you’ll need to have a finalized and concrete college list. However, when you’re starting out, your list definitely doesn’t have to be so rigid. Early on, it can also function as a way to keep track of which colleges interest you, what factors are important to you in choosing a college, and what your application process might eventually look like. It’s a great idea to get started planning for college and the demands of the college application process well before your application deadlines. As we’ve talked about previously in our post Is Freshman Year Too Early to Start College Planning? , there are significant benefits that come with starting your college research and preparation early on.   There are limits on what you can do when you’re planning for college early in high school. For instance, you can’t actually start filling out your college application forms until the fall of your senior year of high school. Also, it’s usually not a good idea to take your standardized tests before your junior year — if you wait until later in high school, your scores will likely be higher.    However, there’s a lot of work that can be done early on. Below, we’ll go over a few ways that you can work on your college list in your first two years of high school.   You can research the requirements of college applications, get an idea of what your favorite colleges will ask of you, and make sure that you’re on track to fulfill their requirements. Knowing as much as possible about the colleges in which you’re interested will help you to make informed decisions later on. Having particular schools in mind when you’re preparing for college applications can also be a significant motivator for you. If you know that your dream schools have high expectations for their applicants, this can inspire you to work hard and challenge yourself in high school in order to make yourself a better applicant for those schools. Setting goals early in high school gives you something specific for which to aim. No matter which colleges you eventually apply to, it’s still beneficial for you to set these high goals — your accomplishments will be an asset to you in applying to any college. Starting early on making your college list gives you plenty of time to collect information, make thoughtful decisions, and, if necessary, change your mind. If the information you gather leads to a change of heart about a college you initially thought was a good match for you, it’s best to learn this well before you invest your time and effort in that school’s application. Starting early gives you time to make new plans without having to scramble at the last minute, both in terms of ruling out certain colleges and in terms of finding previously unknown-to-you colleges that appeal to you. Putting together a competitive college application takes time, so adding a college to your list at the eleventh hour won’t give you a good opportunity to make that application the best it can be. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. As you can see, there’s nothing wrong with starting to formulate your college list early on; in fact, doing so is a good idea. However, in order for this plan to be effective in helping you to manage your college applications, it’s essential that you be open to making changes to your college list in its earliest incarnations. Overall, flexibility is an important quality to have during the college admissions process. You may not be accepted to the colleges at the top of your list, so adjusting your plans is something you need to be able to do in order to meet the challenges with which you’ll be faced. Your teenage years are a time for growing and learning, and many people find that their plans and goals change over the course of high school, sometimes dramatically. As you discover new academic and career options, gain life experience, and get to know yourself better, your college plans will evolve as well. Your unfolding high school career will also determine which colleges belong on your list, and in which categories. For instance, your cumulative GPA and the details of your academic performance will help to decide which colleges are appropriate target schools for you. As we’ve discussed, a major benefit of starting early is that it gives you time to change your mind, and this is an opportunity that you should embrace. You need to make sure that you don’t lock yourself into one particular plan too soon; even if you feel pretty sure about your college and career ambitions, you still have a great deal to learn and experience, and you might find a different field or plan that you end up liking even more. When you’re in ninth or tenth grade, you shouldn’t try to make any concrete determinations about where you’re going to apply to college. It’s simply too early for you to make a fully informed decision about what you intend to do with your next few years, much less the rest of your life. What you need to do is keep a running college list and adapt that list as your situation changes. Use it as a way to keep track of colleges that interest you, compare different colleges, and consider what characteristics are important to you when choosing a college. Having this information available to you in an organized and accessible format can only help you as you endeavor to set appropriate goals for the rest of your high school experience and beyond. It’s not too early to start making your college list, as long as you keep in mind that the key word is start, and that it’s not yet time to make any definite decisions . A flexible college list with room for changes makes the best guide for college planning early in high school. At , we’re committed to providing information and assistance not only for students who are actively involved in the college application process, but also for motivated students who want to start their college planning process well in advance.

CLINICALLY DISCUSS THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REQUIRED FOR NURSING Essay

CLINICALLY DISCUSS THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REQUIRED FOR NURSING LEADERSHP IN AN INTERPERSONAL TEAM - Essay Example The mental health care sector in United Kingdom has in the last few years focused on transformational leadership as it seeks to improve the quality of service and patients outcome ((Allen, Gilbert & Onyett 2009). Some of the fundamentals of leadership include interpersonal relationship skills, empowerment of individuals, ability to instill confidence in others and ability to apply the problem-solving process. In today’s rapidly changing practice environment, nurse leaders are challenged to exert effective leadership in order to promote effective organization and increase individual productivity. The nurse leadership in UK mental institutions is expected to develop strategies capable of enabling followers to cope with inevitable changes within the mental healthcare setting as well as adapt to such changes in a positive way (Allen, Gilbert & Onyett 2009). This paper explores the knowledge and skills required for nursing leadership in an interpersonal team. Leadership Theories an d Models Effective nurse leadership requires knowledge of various leadership theories, principles and the use of such theories to guide all actions within the healthcare setting. ... Creative leadership can be demonstrated by ability to apply professional knowledge, personal power, and cultivation of appropriate personal values in the process of delivering care. The need for creative leadership has been triggered by increased diversity of staff and clients, significant shift from formal leadership to self-managed teams, and emergence of nurse leaders who serve as team leaders, internal consultants as well as sponsors. Owing to such changes, nurse leaders should demonstrate several competencies including effective, innovative and creative problem solvers, change makers, technology masters, team players, effective communicators, and ambassadors (Clark 2008). These competencies have become a necessity in the current highly dynamic mental health care setting in UK. The common leadership styles or models include the autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire leadership styles. Autocratic leadership styles involves making of decisions at the leadership or individual leve l without consulting other stakeholders within the healthcare setting. This form of leadership has been associated with several negative impacts including bad feelings among other workers, undercover retaliations, increased resistance, conflicts, low morale and low productivity. On the other hand, the democratic approach entails involvement of other people in the decision making process although the final decision may finally come from the leadership after consultations. A democratic leadership style takes into consideration ideas of other stakeholders and factors in such ideas in coming up with the final decision (Nagelkerk 2005). This way, followers are made to feel that they are part of

Federal Support Programs- Contract administration and management Essay

Federal Support Programs- Contract administration and management - Essay Example In this sense, Government loan guarantee gives assurance of paying back part of a loan if the business owner fails (Stanberry, 2012). The General Service Administration would be the most beneficial to a small business in my community because it opens up ways for the business to get government contracts and offers awareness to the owners on the opportunities. Business Development Program would be the least beneficial because it may be difficult to recognize disadvantaged businesses, meaning that the program may not be of any help. These programs are behind the success of small businesses, thus setting a critical component to building a healthy and robust as well as creating jobs for the citizens. Most importantly, they support investment in and lending to small businesses. The two additional elements to support small businesses include fast loan closings and credit decisions for the reason that interest rates are a basis of confirming any good deal in a contract (Stanberry,

Marketing Plan for SBA in developing sounds for mobile games Assignment - 1

Marketing Plan for SBA in developing sounds for mobile games applications - Assignment Example The marketing options to support the diversification strategy are examined in some detail and particular attention is focussed on a promotional and communications strategy designed to build profile and relationships with key market players. These strategies include direct marketing, business-to-business advertising and media relations. SBA now wants to protect itself from the impact of a possible downturn in its core business by diversifying into a new market. It has identified the potentially lucrative mobile games market as a possible opportunity whereby it could create and market music/sound for application in such games. The purpose of this marketing plan is to assist the management committee in reaching a business decision on possible diversification by presenting a detailed and factual analysis of the market situation and by recommending strategies for exploiting any identified market opportunities. Whilst there is a wealth of information and market data on the mobile gaming industry per se there is a dearth of information and market data on the ‘sub market’ of music/ sound supply to this industry. Consequently it will be necessary for the management committee to authorise some primary research in this area to ensure that business decisions are taken on the basis of authenticated data. A mobile game is a video game played on a mobile device such as a mobile Phone or handheld computer. This does not include games played on Handheld video game systems such as PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS are not classified as mobile gaming devices in the context of this plan. (Wikipedia, 2009) The mobile gaming market is growing steadily. The number of worldwide gamers has increased from about 55 million in 2005 to about 183 million in 2008. Global revenue from mobile gaming in 2008 was $6.9bn and is expected to grow to $18 billion by 2014 (Roberts, B. 2009). â€Å"Given

English project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English project - Assignment Example I have in the process made meaningful progress and built long lasting relationships with people around me in my profession. I believe I have the right credentials in having experience, exposure, on-the-job expertise and technical knowledge to undertake the role of a System Analyst your organisation I have also had interactions with leading scholars and researchers in the field of technology and electronics to supplement my knowledge and have an ongoing association with the academia of my college. This puts me to an advantage to serve the role of junior research assistant and not only work on a continuous basis but keep learning, innovating and growing in due course of my career. My academic track record has been fair enough to qualify as a prerequisite for the rigour and consistency required in this role in an extremely niche, interesting and cutting edge area. I believe, I will be able to integrate all my learning and provide my services through my experiences, interactions and lear ning in a wholesome manner. Cover Letter: To, Recruiting Head, The Human Resource Department, Name of Company. Ref: Application for the post of System Analyst Dear Sir, This is requesting your attention on my interest for the role of a system analyst in your company. I would like to say that I have been a part of the Saudi Oger Company for the last 1 year 3 years and acquired knowledge and job experience. I have also trained professionals and mentored juniors in my area of specialised knowledge which is customer support and people management. To add to my credentials, I bear a consistent academic track record all through my academic career. I have specific interest in entering into the customer service departments in the capacity of a team Lead or a System Analyst and put to use the learning and experience I’ve had over the past 1 year. To add to my learning and professional exposure I also play soccer and believe in a healthy life style. I would like you to consider my appli cation and go through my profile and credentials attached. I look forward to a positive reply and anticipate the best. Regards, Thank You Letter: To, Recruiting Head, The Human Resource Department, Name of Company Ref: Application for the post of System Analyst Dear Sir, I write to you expressing my sincere appreciation for the time you’ve taken out in arranging our discussion. I have absorbed the moments well and enjoyed the discussion we had centred on the job opportunity as a System Analyst. The information shared by you was highly valuable and I appreciate the effort you put in sharing your valuable insights related to the Technology and customer service industry and my career path in general. I thank you once again for your valuable time and sincerely look forward to your reply. Anticipating the best. Regards, Resume Full Name Address Phone Number Email id Career Objectives: 1. To continuously learn and apply acquired skills in doing meaningful and productive work 2. To strike a balance between my professional and personal life 3. To learn and grow as an all round individual Academic Background Institute Year of Passing Aggregate Riyadh College of Technology 2009 3.4 GPA Technical Capabilities: Software Languages, Platforms, Subjects Professional Capabilities: People Management,

Theme of corruption in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep and Waiting Essay

Theme of corruption in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep and Waiting for the Barbarians - Essay Example ndroids Dream of Electric Sheep it was in an admonition that the protagonist Rick Rick Deckard will be required to do corrupt and wrong things that he does not like to the point that he will be required to violate his own identity. In the end however, Rick Deckard managed to overcome those tendencies that corrupts him. It always pained me in the old days to see these people fall victim to the guile of shopkeepers, exchanging their goods for trinkets, lying drunk in the gutter, and confirming thereby the settlers’ litany of prejudice: that barbarians are lazy, immoral, filthy, stupid. Where civilization entailed the corruption of barbarian virtues and the creation of a dependent people, I was opposed to civilization (38). "You will be required to do wrong no matter where you go. It is the basic condition of life, to be required to violate your own identity. At some time, every creature which lives must do so. It is the ultimate shadow, the defeat of creation; this is the curse at work, the curse that feeds on all life. Everywhere in the universe (Chapter 15)" John Maxwell Coetzee Waiting for the Barbarians exposition about the nature of corruption is quite odious and inescapable. In their present state, the natives were vulnerable to the guile of shopkeepers and that they are called many unpleasant things. The Empire of which takes hold of the settlement even capitalized on this as a precursor and justification of its attack on the natives by branding them as barbarians and savages. It can even be taken that they were sowing anxiety among the settlers and natives so that their stay will be justified. Col Joll and his empire’s manner of â€Å"civilizing† these barbarians meant the corruption or the destruction of their own selves and culture to be civilized. This lamentation of the magistrate is in fact a metaphor of how a superior (in force) entity would subjugate another such as the case of the Americans to its native Indians and of that African

Marketing Plan for SBA in developing sounds for mobile games Assignment - 1

Marketing Plan for SBA in developing sounds for mobile games applications - Assignment Example The marketing options to support the diversification strategy are examined in some detail and particular attention is focussed on a promotional and communications strategy designed to build profile and relationships with key market players. These strategies include direct marketing, business-to-business advertising and media relations. SBA now wants to protect itself from the impact of a possible downturn in its core business by diversifying into a new market. It has identified the potentially lucrative mobile games market as a possible opportunity whereby it could create and market music/sound for application in such games. The purpose of this marketing plan is to assist the management committee in reaching a business decision on possible diversification by presenting a detailed and factual analysis of the market situation and by recommending strategies for exploiting any identified market opportunities. Whilst there is a wealth of information and market data on the mobile gaming industry per se there is a dearth of information and market data on the ‘sub market’ of music/ sound supply to this industry. Consequently it will be necessary for the management committee to authorise some primary research in this area to ensure that business decisions are taken on the basis of authenticated data. A mobile game is a video game played on a mobile device such as a mobile Phone or handheld computer. This does not include games played on Handheld video game systems such as PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS are not classified as mobile gaming devices in the context of this plan. (Wikipedia, 2009) The mobile gaming market is growing steadily. The number of worldwide gamers has increased from about 55 million in 2005 to about 183 million in 2008. Global revenue from mobile gaming in 2008 was $6.9bn and is expected to grow to $18 billion by 2014 (Roberts, B. 2009). â€Å"Given

Theme of corruption in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep and Waiting Essay

Theme of corruption in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep and Waiting for the Barbarians - Essay Example ndroids Dream of Electric Sheep it was in an admonition that the protagonist Rick Rick Deckard will be required to do corrupt and wrong things that he does not like to the point that he will be required to violate his own identity. In the end however, Rick Deckard managed to overcome those tendencies that corrupts him. It always pained me in the old days to see these people fall victim to the guile of shopkeepers, exchanging their goods for trinkets, lying drunk in the gutter, and confirming thereby the settlers’ litany of prejudice: that barbarians are lazy, immoral, filthy, stupid. Where civilization entailed the corruption of barbarian virtues and the creation of a dependent people, I was opposed to civilization (38). "You will be required to do wrong no matter where you go. It is the basic condition of life, to be required to violate your own identity. At some time, every creature which lives must do so. It is the ultimate shadow, the defeat of creation; this is the curse at work, the curse that feeds on all life. Everywhere in the universe (Chapter 15)" John Maxwell Coetzee Waiting for the Barbarians exposition about the nature of corruption is quite odious and inescapable. In their present state, the natives were vulnerable to the guile of shopkeepers and that they are called many unpleasant things. The Empire of which takes hold of the settlement even capitalized on this as a precursor and justification of its attack on the natives by branding them as barbarians and savages. It can even be taken that they were sowing anxiety among the settlers and natives so that their stay will be justified. Col Joll and his empire’s manner of â€Å"civilizing† these barbarians meant the corruption or the destruction of their own selves and culture to be civilized. This lamentation of the magistrate is in fact a metaphor of how a superior (in force) entity would subjugate another such as the case of the Americans to its native Indians and of that African

The concepts “community” Essay Example for Free

The concepts â€Å"community† Essay Assessment evidence shows that you can: †¢ critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† †¢ discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts †¢ provide a historical background of community development †¢ critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts †¢ use evidence from the prescribed readings Critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† Community Geographers emphasise spatial aspects, economists emphasise work and markets and sociologists emphasise social interactions and networks in their definitions of community. Community is also defined as people in a given geographical location, the word can really refer to any group sharing something in common. This may refer to smaller geographic areas a neighborhood, a housing project or development, a rural area or to a number of other possible communities within a larger, geographically-defined community. Examples of community: The Catholic community (or faith community, a term used to refer to one or more congregations of a specific faith). The arts community The African American community The education community The business community The homeless community The gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered community The medical community The Haitian community The elderly community Often when we think of community, we think in geographic terms. Our community is the city, town or village where we live. When community is defined through physical location, it has precise boundaries that are readily understood and accepted by others. Defining communities in terms of geography, however, is only one way of looking at them. Communities can also be defined by common cultural heritage, language, and beliefs or shared interests. These are sometimes called communities of interest. Even when community does refer to a geographic location, it doesn’t always include everyone within the area. For example, many Aboriginal communities are part of a larger non-Aboriginal geography. In larger urban centres, communities are often defined in terms of particular neighbourhoods. Most of us belong to more than one community, whether we’re aware of it or not. For example, an individual can be part of a neighbourhood community, a religious community and a community of shared interests all at the same time. Relationships, whether with people or the land, define a community for each individual. Community development The United Nations defines Community development as a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community development is a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community wellbeing (economic, social, environmental and cultural) often evolves from this type of collective action being taken at a grassroots level. Community development ranges from small initiatives within a small group to large initiatives that involve the broader community. It is a broad term given to the practices of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various  aspects of communities, typically aiming to build stronger and more resilient local communities. Community development seeks to empower individuals and groups of people by providing them with the skills they need to cause in their communities. These skills are often created through the formation of large social groups working for a common agenda. Community developers must understand both how to work with individuals and how to affect communities positions within the context of larger social institutions. Community development as a term has taken off widely in anglophone countries i.e. the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand and other countries in the Commonwealth. It is also used in some countries in eastern Europe with active community development associations in Hungary and Romania. The Community Development Journal, published by Oxford University Press, since 1966 has aimed to be the major forum for research and dissemination of international community development theory and practice. Community development approaches are recognised internationally. These methods and approaches have been acknowledged as significant for local social, economic, cultural, environmental and political development by such organisations as the UN, WHO, OECD, World Bank, Council of Europe and EU. Discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts Mayo (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) observes that it is not just that the term has been used ambiguously; it has been contested, fought over and appropriated for different uses and interests to justify different politics, policies and practices. Stacey (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) also states that the ambiguity of the term community also tells us something about its wider social significance and the way in which it continues to be appropriated to legitimise or justify a wide range of political positions, which might otherwise be regarded as incompatible. Kumar (2005:279) takes the debate further by looking at how the concept community has often been used in the implementation of community-based natural resource management (hereafter CBNRM) projects. The manner in which the term community is represented conceptually, socially, politically and geographically in CBNRM policies shapes the way in which relation- ships and administrative procedures are constituted and enacted. Mearns and Scoones (in Kumar 2005:279) argue that the concept of community has been taken for granted, especially, in policies, projects and also the literature dealing with the CBNRM. They argue that a community has been portrayed as a distinct social group in one geographical location, sharing common characteristics, in harmony and consensus: images that actually may be quite misguiding reflections of reality. Uphoff (in Kumar 2005:280) argues that CBNRM faces two particular problems in how the community is conceptualised, firstly, communities are not necessarily bounded social or geographical units, and nor are they likely to be homogeneous entities with single and agreed interests. It is this generalisation of community that has made the implementation of CBNRM difficult. Provide a historical background of community development One author traces its history back to the mid-19th- century USA, while another finds its origin in the early 20th-century history of the USA. One says it all started in India in 1921, and yet another would credit the 1931 Gandhian experiment in rural reconstruction as its beginnings. It is also claimed that the British colonial administrators of India were the creators of the elusive concept of community development. Critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts Conclusion About the early history of community development there is as little agreement simply because there is no definition. Bibliography: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Community Tool Box website PeerNetBC website

Structural Elements That Define Good Screenplay Film Studies Essay

Structural Elements That Define Good Screenplay Film Studies Essay Through my prism, a good screenplay can be made in many ways, as long as the writer of the artwork keeps up to some basic rules that have been reinforced through the years. In a relation to that, there are three essential elements without which it is impossible to create a fine script. The chief structure of a script should be based on the concept of thesis-antithesis-synthesis and accordingly it is supposed to consist of at least three acts, respectively beginning, middle and end. Key features also include a good conflict and a good character without which the screenplay can be defined as boring and unstimulating. One must not forget, though, that a good character is also a matter of a personal vision. To begin with, the idea of thesis-antithesis-synthesis is not just an important feature of a good film script but it is also not new. It is the simple formula created by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel that came to be a feature in every good movie or play the common spectator sees today. Thesis is defined as a separate action that breaks out during a film or as a character who performs an action. In contrast, antithesis is actualized when an action opposite to the thesis act occurs. It is the converse of the thesis, as annotated. When combined, thesis and antithesis devise the synthesis. Synthesis is the resolution of the clash between the thesis and the antithesis, without matter if the result is positive or negative. Hegels concept also plays key role in finding out what the premise of a certain screenplay could be. A good example of Hegels formula being used is Frank Capras American drama film Its a Wonderful Life (1946). To supplement, the scenes where George is on the verge of com mitting a suicide and Clarences successful attempt to prevent it is an illustration of how this dialectical method is applied. In one of them, Georges view that killing himself will make everyone happier is challenged by Clarence who presents himself as having been sent by God to protect him. In another one, the guardian angel reveals to the protagonist what would have happened, had George never been born his brother, Harry would have died at the age of eight, because George would not have been there to save him [the scene of Harrys grave]; George would also have neither wife, nor kids, had he never existed; he would not have built a house for them and for himself too. In the final act, the conflict between the thesis (Georges wish to commit suicide) and the antithesis (Clarences way to show the protagonist what the world would be like without him) gets resolved: George prays to God to bring back the life he has had, realizing how wonderful it was and gets back to his wife and kids . As a result, the premise of the film is conspicuous: life is a gift that should not be spurned. Furthermore, it is well known that the conflict is the heart of any story, be it a screenplay or a play that is performed in theaters. Therefore, a story without any real conflict is not a story at all. In his book, Story: Substance, Structure, Style and the Principles of Screenwriting, the famous screenwriting instructor, Robert McKee talks in details about the levels of conflict that are present in a certain screenplay. He explains that there are two main types of conflict external and internal. Although in most screenplays the external conflict (conflict that occurs as a result of social conditions) is dominant, a good story should include a large portion of internal conflict (a conflict within the character) as well. In terms of the external conflict, it is clear that a protagonist in the film usually gets what they want in the end. However, if they carry out their wish without any obstacles on their way that will try to prevent them from doing so, the piece of work will be cons idered disinteresting and such motion pictures surely disappoint the viewer. So, to strengthen the conflict, the obstacle is often made to be superior to the protagonist in some ways. For instance, in The Terminator (1984), the main protagonist, named Kyle Reese, is sent back in time from the future with an assignment to protect Sarah Connor. The obstacle he has to deal with, however, is not a human but a cyborg (living human tissue over a metal skeleton), stronger, faster, and extremely hard to kill. This technique makes the viewers ask themselves whether Reese will deal with the obstacle or Sarah will be killed. In contrast, a great illustration of an internal conflict can be seen in George Lucas film, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005). The chief character, Anakin Skywalker is a Jedi Knight whose wife, Padme Amidala is pregnant. One night, while sleeping, he has nightmares of her dying in childbirth. Later on, Palpatine, who is the main antagonist, uses this nightm are Anakin tells him about and ascertains Anakin that there is a power to cheat death but it cannot be learned by a Jedi and the only way to achieve this power is by embracing the dark side of the Force. From this moment on, the struggle inside Anakin reaches deeper level. It appears that he is supposed to choose between two things: saving his wife from certain death by selling his soul to the dark side or remaining loyal to the Jedi and, as he fears, possibly losing Padme. There is one emblematical scene that clearly shows that fear. It is an intercut combination of the young Skywalker sitting alone on a chair in the Jedi temple council chamber thinking of his wife and Padme in her apartment, possibly looking in direction towards the Jedi Temple. The Jedi is confused as he keeps on starring outside. Minutes later, Palpatines voice-over could be heard: You do know, dont you, if the Jedi destroy me, any chance of saving her will be lost. In this moment, tears run off Anakins face, as if he says to himself I cant do it, I cant let her die. When watching this scene, after Anakin leaves the Jedi temple, we think that the conflict within him has finished. But actually, a lot more is to come, to which I will pay greater attention when I talk about good character being necessary to create a good screenplay. In addition, a story, that is considered to be in the category of good stories, will also comply with the concept of a good character which is usually the protagonist. When I say good, though, it does not mean that the character themselves are the so called good guy but that there must be enough levels of internal conflict within the character. Of course, before creating levels of conflict within the character, one has to know their character as screenwriter Syd Field says in his book Screenplay: The Foundations of Screenwriting. Knowing the character means to know: whose story it is? Who is the main character? What do they want? Without these basics, a character would not even exist. Nevertheless, are these basics enough for a character, so that they can be called a good one? Certainly not. This is the place where deeper levels of conflict are necessary to be shown, without matter if they are internal within the protagonist or interpersonal (between the protagonist and other people. It is well known that it is even preferrable to have a mix of both. To this common statement, I would add that a mix of both types of conflict has to be present indeed but the writer has to be careful how they do that mix. If it is so complex that the creator themselves have difficulties interpreting the levels of conflict, this will lead to a confusion and disinterest in the eyes of the spectator. For instance, if one gets back to Anakin Skywalker as presented in Star Wars Episode 3, they will find out that there are many levels of conflict some of which can be seen even after he has turned to the dark side of the Force. In the scene where the young Jedi turns to the dark side, before the turning point itself, there is a mix of extrapersonal struggle and internal conflict within Anakin. The intramural struggle actually emerges as a result of the extrapersonal clash between Jedi Master Mace Windu (the black guy with the purple lightsaber) and Chancellor Palpatine who has now been r evealed to be Darth Sidious the main antagonist in the movie. As soon as Anakin enters the hall where the two Force masters fought each other some minutes ago, we see the following picture: The chancellor is on the ground, next to a broken window. Mace Windu is about to finish him off. This is where the mixed conflict starts. Palpatines words He is a traitor! mark the beginning of this mixed struggle. Windu then addresses the same words towards Palpatine. Afterwards, the close up of Anakins face and his facial expression show some confusion, as if he asks himself Who is right? Who should I listen to?. In an attempt to persuade Anakin to help him, Palpatine again states he could save his wife from certain death. In a response, the Jedi Master implies to the young Skywalker that the chancellor is only trying to turn him into his ally by talking such lies. As he puts his arm on his face to prevent himself from being blinded by the shining lightning bolts which the chancellor shoots fr om his hand, the collision inside him gets stronger. Shall he trust Palpatine/Darth Sidious in what he says? Or shall he take it that Master Windu is right? For the common viewer, the answer who is right and who is wrong is obvious. Not for the young Skywalker though. Suddenly, the mixed struggle turns into an interpersonal row between the two Jedi whether the chancellor shall be killed or tried and respectively jailed. On the other hand, after Anakin helps Sidious kill the Jedi Master, an internal sense of regret arises within the now ex-Jedi which, nevertheless, is ended by his new master. As a result, the viewer can infer that it is namely the great deal of confusion which sets forth the rise of interpersonal conflicts combined with interpersonal struggles that make Anakin Skywalker a good character. Finally, last but not least important is one of Syd Fields main ideas that a good character is also a matter of point of view. When he says point of view, he means, that a good character must represent the vision of the role they are in. He illustrates his concept with the example that if ones main character is a parent, they have to behave like such and to share a point of view parents have. Here, Field is undoubtedly right. To illustrate, in the film Home Alone 3 (1997), the main protagonist is an 8-year old kid named Alex, whose mother obviously shares Syd Fields idea shown in the instance of a parent character he gives. The act where Alex falls ill to chicken pox is an implication of that. He starts getting worried about staying alone at home because it looks like it is happening to him for the very first time. An 8-year old child that has no quite real concept of when things happen, would normally be afraid of becoming a victim of a tornado during the winter, or a thief (as he c alls them grown up crooks), or even of his own imagination. This is only one of the moments where actress Haviland Morris and respectively her character, Karen Pruitt, the mother of Alex, shows her parental point of view. Her conspicuous reaction to her sons fears would be to try and suppress them which she succeeds by explaining him that tornadoes, for instance, do not manifest during the winter. In addition, she clarifies to her little urchin that they (his family) live in one of Chicagos safest neighborhoods. As for imagination, she truly replies that it is under nobodys control but under his own. In the set where Alex calls the police twice because he really saw a thief but nobody trusts him, her parental point of view manifests again in a divergent way. Alex is surely right but what he lacks is evidence. Therefore his mothers likely response is to not trust him but the police chief, to tell him off and respectively being annoyed with him. In contrast, by the end, when everyone finds out Alex Pruitt is right and the thieves are apprehended, Mrs. Pruitts understandable action is to apologize to her son for mistrusting him. This is namely how Home Alone 3 reflects Syd Fields statement that every character has to represent the role they have been assigned properly. To summarize, a good screenplay can be created in many ways. As it became understandable from the above expressed thesis and argument, nevertheless, there are some standard elements, without which it is not possible to achieve this desired effect. At least a three-act structure is crucial, so that a certain film or play can find its place among the good pieces of art. The three-act structure must consist of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis. The synthesis can be positive, negative or between the two, i.e. bittersweet. A good story consists of a conflict shown in many manifestations and circumstances, internal (within character) or external (between people, factions, etc.) alike. Turning points are essential within a conflict as well, without matter if they are in favor of certain character or for their embarassment. The final piece that a screenwriter has to think about well, is a good character. This means lots of levels of conflicts within the respective personality as well as good character from the point of view of their creator himself/herself. With the instances given through citing works of Syd Field and Robert McKee, and the films cited above, the basic idea of a good screenplay structure has been consecrated. WORDS: 2500 (without bibliography, filmography and footnotes) Bibliography Capra, Frank, Its a Wonderful Life scenes online at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pA_AgSDgXc8HYPERLINK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pA_AgSDgXc8feature=relatedHYPERLINK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pA_AgSDgXc8feature=relatedfeature=related in Steve Chens www.youtube.com (2005, Google Inc., San Bruno, CA) Definitions online at: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Hegelian+dialectic in Lexico Publishing Groups www.reference.com owned by InterActiveCorp Field, Syd, Screenplay: The Foundations of Screenwriting, (1979, 1982, 1994 Dell Publishing; New York) George Lucas, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith Script, scenes 88 and 125, found at Col Needhams http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/Star-Wars-Revenge-of-the-Sith.html George Lucas, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith Script, Scene 128 found in Col Needhams http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/Star-Wars-Revenge-of-the-Sith.html (1990) McKee, Robert, Story: Substance, Structure, Style, and the Principles of Screenwriting, (1997 New York, USA) Sanders, Steve, http://www.steves-digicams.com/knowledge-center/how-tos/filmmaking-tips/screenwriting-what-makes-a-good-story.html in wwwHYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/.HYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/stevesHYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/-HYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/digicamsHYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/.HYPERLINK http://www.steves-digicams.com/com , (1997, Internet Brands Family, El Segundo, CA, USA)

The hard drive uses two important principles about the magnetic fields. :: Computer Science

The hard drive uses two important principles about the magnetic fields. When we write data onto the hard drive Cit uses the law of electromagnetic induction and some material is magnetic. The hard drive uses two important principles about the magnetic fields. When we write data onto the hard drive it uses the law of electromagnetic induction and some material is magnetic. When we read data from the hard drive, it uses the Lenz's law. How hard disk drive works: Firstly we should know the two important part of the hard disk drive, 1. platters and media We put all of the data onto the platters. They are inside of the hard drive. There are several pieces of platter in the hard disk drive, maybe three or four. They are made of special material. The material must be strong and light. Because there are high rotation rates, when the hard disk drive working. Traditionally, people often use aluminum because it is a light material. But today, most platters are made from material like glass or ceramic composite. These light, strong materials have a very low thermal expansion, and compare to aluminum. They can withstand higher forces. So the platters can run faster. Older hard disk drive can only run at 3600 to 5200 rpm. Today's ones can run7600 to 10000 rpm. There is a layer of magnetic material on the surface of the platters. Today a thin-film media is used here. Thin-film media is a microscopic layer of pure metal bonded to the substrate surface through an interim layer. Because the distance between head and platters is very small (about 10 micro inches), but they can not touch with each other. So the thin-film media is very flat and is coated with a protective layer to help survive head crashing. 2. the arm and read and write head The arm that holds the read/write heads is controlled by the mechanism in the upper-left corner, and is able to move the heads from the hub to the edge of the drive. The arm and its movement mechanism are extremely light and fast. The arm on a typical hard-disk drive can move from hub to edge and back up to 50 times per second. It is hard to believe. But it is the truth. Simply, The read and write head is a ferromagnetic core. It can product a variety magnetic fields through a variety current to be able to write data onto the media in ASC2. And also can product variety current though inducing the variety magnetic field on the surface of the platter to read data from the hard disk drive.

The Ysera Realm of World of Warcraft :: Personal Narrative

The virtual worlds were good for doing what was impossible to do in the physical world rather than simply produce replicates of physical reality (Yee, 2009). This is why most people including myself, although a constant gamer, enjoy the experiences of the virtual world. The virtual world is an escape route from the actual realities of the world. This paper is going to describe my experience in The Ysera Realm of World of Warcraft MMORPG. Avatars are a key component of the virtual world and we rely on them a means of living digitally while fully inhabiting in the world (Taylor, 2002). When the chosen avatar Race (Night Elf) was announced a sense of disappointment ran through my mind, because I believed the Night elf Race was not going to be as physically attractive as the Human race or Blood Elf race which I have previously used in other realms. However, when I began customizing my avatar I was excited to begin the process, because it had to ability to create a unique identity which not only serve a personal function (individualization) but also a social function as other characters would be able to recognize me over time(Taylor, 2002). My Avatar â€Å"Elvinna† is a Level 6 Druid who has the role of a tanker, healer and damager, with the ability to shape shift into animal form. Elvinna also has the capability to use mana, rage or energy as a resource (World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria, 2012). I chose my avat ar name based on its sexiness, simplicity and how ancient it sounds. My avatar was created as a desired self-image of myself, her gender was chosen solely on my gender as a female in reality, her look is very fierce which is what I was going for an avatar that looks fierce but sexy. Her class was chosen due to my unawareness of the different class, if I had the option of redoing characters I would go for hunter, because they are a better representation of the desire self (physically). Her personality is graceful and achieving, she desires to the highest to reach the highest levels in the virtual world. Elvinna’s, (which desired representation of myself) character is different from mine in the sense that she is everything I desire to be looks and goals. When given tasks she is quick to execute them in order to ascend, which is a total opposite from myself.

Keeping Your People Pumped

The article â€Å"Keeping Your People Pumped† by Naik discusses four effective ways – incentives – how to motivate employees and to create collective sense of purpose. In modern swiftly changing business environment it is necessary to refer to employee motivation to survive and to succeed in highly competitive environment. Therefore, the article contributes management field providing ways of performance improvement. The article is easy for understanding and reading; thus, it is intended not only for professional who are aware of all business peculiarities, but also for non-professionals who are interested in becoming acquainted with new trends and tendencies in business world.The author’s purpose is likely to describe the importance of tools in motivating employees. In particular, the study aims at describing the following motivational factors: recognition, celebration, collective sense of purpose, balancing achievement and challenge. Naik, the author of t he paper, explains why and how to motivate your employees. It is a matter of fact that motivated employees are needed as, it is mentioned above, business environment is swiftly hanging and empowered personnel helps organization to survive. Moreover, motivation results in increased productivity and higher job commitment.Employees are interested in job security, interesting work, and good working conditions. The key questions the author addresses are: How to keep your people pumped? Why motivation is claimed to be the biggest challenge? Every leader wants to increase job commitment in his employees, and the paper discusses four ways how to achieve the desired outcome. The author is very persuasive as he uses logical arguments, facts, and conclusions to defend position that motivated employees are the core of company’s success. Naik argues that money shouldn’t be the only motivator in the company because â€Å"even in employees who claim money doesn’t matter to th em†. Money is important for energizing people, but it is necessary to motivate people â€Å"to invest their souls and hearts in their jobs†.Naik, mainly, discusses only non-monetary tools of employee motivation. The first tool is recognition. He means that it is necessary to announce publicly about achievements of either individual or a team. Moreover, he recommends talking about achievements at every opportunity. Personal appreciation and rewards are strong motivators. Employee’s work should be recognized; otherwise, they will feel de-motivated and hurt. Public recognition motivates competitive team members. Naik says that recognition should be in the form of engraved doodads and should never be in money form.The second tool is celebration. The author stresses that it is important to celebrate together company’s success and achievements because it promotes collective thinking and sense of belonging. Celebrating success is, surely, one of the most effectiv e ways to keep people pumped. However, it is necessary to celebrate even the smallest victories to show that every victory is equally important for the company. It is a good way to increase productivity as well because small victories are new chances to congratulate employees and books their spirits to fight further. Celebrations are also recognition, though with fun involved. I agree with the author that every employee who has done a great job is wiling to hear: â€Å"Great job! I'm taking everyone to Mama Maria's tonight†.The third tool is very powerful and can be used only if organization is clear with its purposes – collective sense of purpose. Too often bosses aren’t clear about their missions, and in such situations, tool may fail to help. Naik writes that â€Å"many leaders are so busy with the daily grind that their missions fall by the wayside†. Collective sense of purpose suggests that employees should understand and realize where they are going and what they are doing. Sense of purpose makes team confident about their tasks and responsibilities, what boss is waiting from them, etc.The author argues that the final tool is difficult in implementation, though it is very effective motivational tool. The author talks about the balancing achievement and challenge. He means that employees are motivated when they feel they are climbing on the top. They should see the end of their road. Leaders have to create jobs with â€Å"the right push-and-pull† because it increases competitiveness.The author draws relevant conclusion summing up main ideas discusses. He states that financial motivator isn’t on the top of the list. In many cases, personal appreciation and recognitions play crucial role in motivating people. However, some people consider money the only motivator. Professional leader should be aware of peculiarities of his working team to choose the best suited motivational tool. For example, money rarely gravitates toward business. Therefore, leader should think firstly about money as motivator, and when income increases, they may refer to other motivational tools.Apparent strength of the article is that the author provides real examples to intensify reader’s impression. He writes that one investment banker when being asked whether he was motivated, told that he was pleased with bonus, and â€Å"he was just as excited by how it measured up to the other top rainmakers in his firm†. So, money is also effective way of keeping the score. Nevertheless, Naik says that bankers are always caring about money. Therefore, when choosing motivational tools it is necessary to consider working environment. All employees need to feel they matter, and their work means something for leaders. Summing up, open appreciation, shared goal, celebration, and personal attention are the key motivators.